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Fiber hornification was evaluated by a parameter termed ‘hard-to-remove (HR) water content’, which was defined as the ratio of water mass to fiber mass at the transition between the constant rate zone and the falling rate zone from the isothermal TGA experiments. The results indicated that the HR water content could be used as a measurement technique for fiber hornification, showing a close correlation with the WRV over repeated wetting and drying cycles. As expected, fully bleached kraft pulped fibers demonstrated a much larger decrease in HR water content upon experiencing multiple wetting and drying cycles than did mechanical pulped fibers. In addition, this thermogravimetric analysis could be used as a convenient and insightful characterization technique for fiber-water system and allows for the direct comparison of fibers at small amount of sample size, about 10 mg of dried mass.
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Measurement of Fiber Hornification Using High Resolution Thermogravimetric Analysis, 2005 Engineerin