Variance Partition Analysis-Starting Point for Profile Optimization, 2007 TAPPI Papermakers and PIMA International Leadership Conference
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Sixty years after the first publications on variance partition analysis (VPA) it is necessary to reconsider this topic again.
The variability of a paper quality is split into 3 components, the variance in machine direction (MD), in cross machine direction (CD) and in a residual component (RES), which is not related to MD or CD. The break down helps to distinguish which methods of profile optimization are required to come to an improvement.