Refining Mechanisms and Development of TMP Properties in a Low-Consistency Refiner

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First stage high-consistency (HC) mechanical pulps of Norway spruce (Picea abies) were processed in a low-consistency (LC) refiner in order to reduce the total energy consumption without sacrificing pulp quality properties. The present study has shown that the main difference between the low- and high-consistency pulps was that the low-consistency pulps contained a smaller fraction of long fibres compared to the high-consistency pulps. It was possible to increase the tensile index with 10 units in only one pass LC refining in such a way that the tensile index reached a level which was comparable with TMP from a secondary mill refiner.