Effects of Sulphide on Melting Temperatures of Smelt and Carryover in Kraft Recovery Boilers, 2009 TAPPI Engineering, Pulping, Environmental Conference

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The effects of sulphide on the melting temperatures of alkali salt mixtures containing sodium (Na), potassium (K), carbonate (CO3), sulphate (SO4), sulphide (S), and chloride (Cl) are systemically studied using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter and an advanced multi-component thermodynamic program, FactSage. The results show that sulphide has a relatively small effect on the first melting temperature (FMT), the complete melting (CMT) of carryover deposits and smelt compared to chloride and potassium, but has a significant effect on the sticky temperature of carryover, particularly when the Cl content is low. While the freezing temperature of smelt depends greatly on sulphidity, at a given sulphidity, it is not appreciably affected by reduction efficiency. The results provide a better understanding of the effects of sulphide on smelt fluidity in the lower furnace and on fouling and corrosion caused by carryover in the superheater region of recovery boilers.