Dead Load Determination Using Online Measurements, 2016 Pulping, Engineering, Environmental, Recycling, Sustainability (PEERS) Conference Proceedings

 In 2009 Grace and Tran published a paper entitled “The effect of dead load chemicals in the kraft pulping and recovery systems”. Using the formulas presented in this referenced article and mill data derived from online FT-NIR systems, this presentation will further explore the extent of the impact of dead load on Kraft mill operations.

Dead load chemicals are the inorganic chemicals that do not participate in the pulping process. Although non- participants, they have the ability to circulate through the Kraft liquor cycle thereby requiring additional handling capacity and energy.  The largest and most commonly referred to dead load chemicals are sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate and sodium thiosulfate. It is thought that up to 20% of the chemicals in the Kraft liquor cycle are dead load chemicals. [1]Non-process elements could also be considered to be a form of dead load. Chloride is a relatively small but a recognized important process element in that it plays a significant role in recovery boiler fouling. Calcium may be another important process element due to its interaction with lignin and the impact this may have on delignification in the digester, black liquor viscosity ,and, evaporator performance. This paper will deal with sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, chlorides and calcium.  

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