Material Constraints for Maximizing Power Production from Kraft Recovery Boilers, 2017PEERS

During the recent years, power production from new kraft recovery boilers has increased significantly.  Recovery boilers have adopted features from power boilers, but have still rather lower power-to-steam ratios. Especially, steam outlet temperatures in recovery boilers are modest compared to power boilers. One of the major limiting factors for reaching higher steam outlet temperatures is deposit chemistry. Potassium (K) and chloride (Cl) in conjunction with sodium (Na) and sulfur (S) form low melting deposits, which limit the increase in steam outlet temperatures and thus power production. As a rule of thumb, potassium is dictating the maximum steam outlet temperature and chloride the amount of stainless steels needed. 

One limiting factor in maximizing power production from recovery boilers is of cause the investment costs. Every measure to increase power production has a price tag and high power production is typically connected to high investment costs. However, it is possible to surmount high power output and high investment costs by optimizing the materials according to the recovery process and deposit chemistry. 

This paper presents material constraints for maximizing the power production from kraft recovery boilers. The aim of this paper is not to list possible means to increase electricity production, but how to mitigate material constraints for maximizing power production; how materials limit the power production and how to optimize their use to reduce the investment costs.  

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