Micro Characterization of z-resistance of papers, 19PaperCon
For environmental and economic reasons, the paper industry must reduce its impact in terms of specific consumption of water, raw materials, and energy. One area for improvement is to reduce the weight of paper without sacrificing its mechanical properties, which can be achieved by controlling its local fiber bonds. The strength of these bonds depends on the morphological and mechanical properties (mainly flexibility) of the fibers.
This work aims to understand the mechanical strength of paper in the thickness direction, through a detailed characterization of inter-fiber joints. In this approach, the mandatory stage consists in in-situ tests. As the number of fibers is size dependent, both standard macroscopic measurements on a universal testing machine with a surface area of about 1 cm² and smaller paper samples of about 1 mm² that consist of several dozen fiber-fiber contacts were considered. We built a micro-device, compatible with X-Ray tomography instruments to enable 3D visualization during the tests. As the aim was to observe a limited number of joints (low basis weight), we elaborated stratified composites, in which the central zone was the low basis weight layer of paper that we intend to analyze. An experimental protocol was established for the preparation of the samples as well as the mechanical testing, including a pre-stressed level, before running the delamination stage. Furthermore, we demonstrate the difference between softwood/hardwood fibers, coarse/flexible fibers as well as the impact of pressing or basis weight on the rheological curve obtained at the micro-level (1mm²).>
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Micro Characterization of z-resistance of papers, 19PaperCon