Scale Formation in Induced Draft Booster Fan of a Sulfite Pulp Mill, 19PEERS

Pulp and Paper mills burn the spent pulping liquor in a boiler to recover pulping chemicals and to generate steam for energy recovery. At the sulfite mill in this study, there are multiple steps for flue gas treatment: condensers, ammonia scrubbers to remove SO₂ and generate pulping liquor, and caustic scrubbers for SO₂
Steps to determine the scaling mechanism include both mill measurements and laboratory studies. Mill measurements include deposit probe sampling, gas sampling and analysis of liquid samples from the scrubber systems. Analysis of scale samples by XRD and wet chemical methods show that the primary compound in the scale are the double salt (NH₄)₂Mn₂(SO₄)₃ with significant amounts of (NH₄)₂SO₄ and CaSO₄ incorporated in the scale. Formation and crystallization of (NH₄)₂Mn₂(SO₄)₃ from NH₃ scrubber solution carryover and particulate matters appears to be the root cause of scale formation. Crystalliz

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