Addressing production bottlenecks and brownstock washer optimization via  a membrane concentration system, TAPPI Journal July 2021



Application: A pre-evaporator, membrane concentration step in the kraft recovery cycle may benefit mills with existing washer limitations by allowing for substantial increases in dilution factor. The current work uses a hypotheti-cal example mill to provide a framework for understanding the upstream and downstream implications of a pre-evaporator concentration step on production increases and associated economics.

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Author: Diego F. Rivera, Max Kleiman-Lynch, Brent D. Keller, and Stephen H. Frayne
Addressing production bottlenecks and brownstock washer opti
ABSTRACT: Advancements in membrane systems indicate that they will soon be robust enough to concentrate weak black liquor. To date, the economic impact of membrane systems on brownstock washing in kraft mills has not been studied and is necessary to understand the viability of these emerging systems and their best utilization.This study investigated the savings that a membrane system can generate related to brownstock washing. We found that evaporation costs are the primary barrier for mills seeking to increase wash water usage. Without these additional evaporation costs, we showed that our hypothetical 1000 tons/day bleached and brown pulp mills can achieve annual savings of over $1.0 MM when operating at higher dilution factors and fixed pulp production rate. We then investigated the impact of increasing pulp production on mills limited by their equipment. In washer-limited mill examples, we calculated that membrane systems can reduce the annual operating cost for a 7% production increase by 91%. Similarly, in evaporator-limited mill examples, membrane systems can reduce the annual operating cost for a 7% production increase by 86%. These results indicated that membrane systems make a production increase significantly more feasible for these equipment-limited mills.
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