Effects of orders of addition in nanocellulose–cationic starch– colloidal silica systems for papermaking, TAPPI Journal October 2022



Application: Changing the order of addition of various chemical additives to the papermaking process often can be achieved with near-zero capital investment. The results in this paper provide an example where the order of addition can be expected to have important consequences. 

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Author: Brandon D. Leib, Larden J. Garland, Nelson A. Barrios, and Martin A. Hubbe
Effects of orders of addition in nanocellulose•cationic star
ABSTRACT: Two orders of addition were compared when preparing paper handsheets from recycled copy paper furnish in combination with nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), cationic starch, colloidal silica, and cationic retention aid (cPAM; cationic polyacrylamide). Faster dewatering and higher fine-particle retention were obtained at equal optimized dosages of additives when the colloidal silica was added last, after addition of the cPAM. The same order of addition also provided a higher gain in the paper’s tensile strength. However, higher paper stiffness was achieved when the colloidal silica was instead added to the NFC, after its pretreatment with cationic starch. Results were consistent with the principle that papermaking additives added shortly before sheetforming tend to have the largest effects on drainage and retention. The results also demonstrated a sensitivity to the relative dosages of positively and negatively charged additives.
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