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The efficiency of autocausticizing reactions that form tri-sodium borate (Na3BO3) in the recovery boiler smelt is of great importance to the success of borate autocausticizing technology. The efficiency was studied by burning dried black liquor particles containing various amounts of sodium meta-borate in an Entrained Flow Reactor, and determining the composition of the resulting ash residue. The results show that the formation of Na3BO3 is a strong function of temperature and borate content in the black liquor. At a B/Na weight ratio up to 0.04, the reactions appeared to be complete in a few seconds. At a given borate content, the reaction efficiency increased with an increase in temperature, and black liquor particle size. Adding Na2SO4 (salt cake) to black liquor lowered the reaction efficiency slightly.
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Occurrence of Borate Autocausticizing Reactions During Black Liquor Combustion, 2003 Fall Technical