Swelling Behavior of Laboratory-Made Hardwood and Softwood Kraft Black Liquors, 1998 International Chemical Recovery Conference Proceedings
The swelling behavior of birch (Betula verrucosa/B. pubescens) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) kraft black liquors from the different stages of delignification (11-89% for birch and 18-82% for pine) was studied during heating (25 -› 455° , 30-40 °C/min) under a stagnant nitrogen atmosphere. In both cases, the black liquors began to swell considerably in the temperature range 280-330°C. The results indicated that, as a general trend, the birch liquors swelled more than those from softwood pulping; maximum swollen volumes were 15-37 and 10-16 times the original volume, respectively. Variations in swelling behavior could be explained by differences in the chemical composition of the black liquor samples studied.
Swelling Behavior of Laboratory-Made Hardwood and Softwood Kraft Black Liquors, 1998 International C
