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In order to understand the mechanisms that must affect the permeability of paper, experiments on handsheet samples were performed together with fluid-flow simulations through three-dimensional model webs of fibres. Permeability was found to significantly depend on the specific surface area of paper so that it could not be determined from its porosity alone. Increasing the content of mechanical pulp and the degree of beating on chemical pulp were found to greatly decrease the permeability. For increasing flow velocity, indication of threshold velocity was found beyond which the permeability decreases due to deformation of fibre network.
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Permeability of Paper: Experiments and Numerical Simulations, 1999 International Paper Physics Confe