Who Can Afford To Save Water?, 1996 Minimum Effluent Mills Symposium Proceedings

George Wohlgemuth - Weyerhaeuser

Eva Mannisto & Heikki Mannisto - EKONO

The technical feasibility of low water use technologies has been proven in both pilot and mill scale. However, although technologies exist, the water and effluent flows are still fairly high in the pulp and paper industry. Obviously economic factors play a key role in the selection of technologies and water use levels. Especially for an existing mill, many technical factors determine the minimum required water usage level. This presentation addresses the economic and technological aspects that have to be taken into account when planning and implementing water conservation measures in an existing mill. The sample cases presented are from an existing bleached kraft mill. Water conservation in existing mills is seldom justifiable based on water price alone, but has to be motivated by other process and environmental benefits, such as reduction in energy costs, chemicals, fiber etc. The optimum water usage level depends on the technologies being used, especially in the pulping and bleaching processes. This level is determined by factors such as effluent temperature, concentrations that can be tolerated in effluent treatment, effluent toxicity and other parameters that may be defined as maximum concentrations.

Who Can Afford To Save Water?, 1996 Minimum Effluent Mills S
Who Can Afford To Save Water?, 1996 Minimum Effluent Mills Symposium Proceedings
35.00

New Releases

TAPPI PRESS Catalog eBook 2024


Experience the Power of Publications in the 2024 TAPPI Press Catalog


Open


 

Kraft Recovery Boilers, Third Edition  


Sponsored by the Recovery Boiler Program R&D Subcommittee of the American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA) and published by TAPPI Press.


Purchase


 

Handbook For Pulp and Paper Technologists (The SMOOK Book), Fourth Edition

The best-selling text to introduce the entire technology of pulp and paper manufacture.

Purchase

 

Guidelines for Safe Assessment and Operation of Yankee Dryers  


A project of the Yankee Dryer Safety & Reliability Committee.

Purchase

 

Check our newest additions.


TAPPI Press offers some of the most in-depth resources and references for the forest products and related industries. 

See More

   
 

Available for Purchase – Conference Proceedings


TAPPI maintains a record of key conference papers, presentations, and other conference publications, available for purchase in a variety of formats.

See More