Forces on Fibres in Low Consistency Refining, 1994 Papermakers Conference Proceedings

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Forces on fibre flocs between passing bars have been measured in a “single-bar” refiner. It was found that substantial force on fibres could only be imposed over a relatively narrow range of gap size. The upper limit of this size occurred when the floc was compressed to near its zero void volume. The lower limit corresponded to a gap size in which flocs ruptured into two parts. The energy expenditure associated with these forces was found to compare favorably with energies per impact per fibre estimated in mill refiners using the C-Factor.