100% Closed Water System-What to Expect, 1996 Papermakers Conference Proceedings
Mills that reach 100% water system closure face unique and difficult problems. With no water discharge, every-thing that enters the process -fiber, filler, additives, and contaminants - must leave with the sheet or solids going to landfill. To operate under these conditions and still make a salable, profitable board requires careful planning and good operation. System chemistry changes significantly as close-up nears 100%. A review of the enrichment factor provides an understanding of the dramatic effect the final stages of closure have on the water system. The impact of total water system closure on white water quality, chemical additive performance, and on microbiological populations are discussed.