Phosphorus in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent and Biological Treatment Plants, 1992 Environmental Conference Proceedings
Phosphorus loads from pulp and paper mills are to be strictly limited in Finland to prevent eutrophication of surface waters. To find ways to meet the discharge limits, the sources of phosphorus were studied at two kraft mills and one newsprint mill.
At the newsprint mill phosphorus came from the debarking plant, from mechanical pulping integrated with paper production, and from the nutrient added in the activated sludge treatment plant. The outflows were the excess sludge from secondary treatment and the effluent to the recipient. Untreated effluent from a newsprint mill contains less phosphorus than is needed in the activated sludge plant. The way to keep phosphorus discharges low is to keep strict control over the phosphorus addition needed.
Phosphorus in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent and Biological Treatment Plants, 1992 Environmental Confe