Enhancement of Kraft Effluent Quality by Increased CIO2 Substitution and Membrane Treatment of the Kraft Extraction Waste Stream Prior to Aerobic and..., 1993 Environmental Conference Proceedings
The changes in Kraft bioeffluent quality were evaluated as a function of increased Cl02 substitution, membrane treatment of extraction (E-stage) wastewater and an anaerobic zone prior to aerobic biological treatment. An increase from 10% to 50% C102 substitution in the bleaching of softwood produced a more readily biodegradable waste and an improved bioeffluent quality, especially with respect to color, toxicity, and AOX. Both NF and UF membrane treatment of E-stage wastewater from 50% Cl02 substitution performed similarly, resulting in significant additional improvements in aerobic bioeffluent COD and TOC, no effect on color, and moderate improvement in AOX. Only NF treatment further improved effluent toxicity. Relative to aerobic treatment only, the use of an anaerobic/aerobic biotreatment sequence resulted in less desirable effluent with respect to all measured parameters for wastewater from 50% C102 substitution.
Enhancement of Kraft Effluent Quality by Increased CIO2 Substitution and Membrane Treatment of the K