Utilization of Short Paper Fiber (SPF) in the Manufacturing of Synthetic Soils Used for Capping Landfills, 1994 Environmental Conference Proceedings
Joseph W. Laubenstein, Stuart Field
Short Paper Fiber (SPF) is the solid residue that remains after water is treated at pulp and paper mills. It is composed of the materials which go into making paper; primarily wood fiber, lime, and clay, as well as excess organisms produced as part of the biological treatment process.
Disposal of SPF has been a major concern of the paper making industry for years. Historically, many mills disposed of this material in company-owned landfills or local municipal landfills at a nominal fee. With the promulgation of new federal and state solid waste laws governing construction of new landfills and forcing the closing of old unlined landfills, the cost for disposal of SPF has had a major financial impact on many paper companies.
Utilization of Short Paper Fiber (SPF) in the Manufacturing of Synthetic Soils Used for Capping Land