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Water use data from more than 650 mills in the United States and Canada have been analyzed for this study using the FisherPulp TM database. The database was validated by conducting a phone survey of 4% of the mills in the database. The use of fresh water by mills included in the study totals 6.5 billion gallons per day with the mean water use of 16,000 gallons per ton of product produced. The mills in the database were subdivided into 11 categories representing process and product types. Large nonintegrated paper and board mills had the lowest median water use at 3,600 gallons per ton, while dissolving chemical pulp mills had the highest median water use at 41,400 gallons per ton.
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Available for Purchase – Conference Proceedings
TAPPI maintains a record of key conference papers, presentations, and other conference publications, available for purchase in a variety of formats.
Pulp and Paper Mill Water Use in North America, 1996 Environmental Conference Proceedings