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Compounds contributing to the manure-type odours associated with biosolids processing and dewatering in pulp and paper mills were identified as several volatile fatty acids (propanoic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric and valeric), a phenol (p-cresol), indole, 3-methyl indole (skatole) and to a limited extent the four reduced sulphur gases: hydrogen sulphide, methyl mercaptan, dimethylsulphide and dimethyldisulphide. A preliminary study of the concentrations of these odour- causing compounds at three mills indicates that they appear to be present at relatively low concentrations in the ambient air of the biosolids processing areas, well below literature threshold limit values (TLV). Nevertheless, the odours can be a nuisance and options need to be evaluated for their potential control.
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Compounds Contributing to Odours from Pulp and Paper Mill Biosolids, 1998 Environmental Conference P